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Schedule (Pipeline grade) represents the wall thickness series of the pipeline and is defined in accordance with the ASME B36.10M (carbon steel and alloy steel pipes) and B36.19M (stainless steel pipes) standards. Under the same nominal diameter (NPS), the Schedule 80 (also known as Extra Heavy, XS) pipe has a thicker wall thickness than the Schedule 40 (STD) pipe, resulting in a reduction in the inner diameter but maintaining the same outer diameter.
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Carbon steel round pipes are circular cross-section pipes mainly made of carbon steel and may contain small amounts of elements such as manganese and silicon.
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ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) pipes and LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) pipes are both common carbon steel welded pipes. However, there are significant differences in the form of raw materials, welding methods, size ranges, mechanical properties and application fields.