Types and characteristics of steel piles

Steel pile is a kind of load bearing or protection building material used in foundation engineering. Because of its advantages of high strength, good durability and convenient construction, it is widely used in construction, bridge, wharf and other fields. According to its use, shape and construction methods, steel piles are mainly divided into the following categories, each steel pile has its own unique characteristics and trial scenarios.

The main classification of steel piles

1. Steel pipe pile
Steel pipe piles are usually round steel pipes, made of low carbon steel or low alloy steel, with high strength and good durability. It is a type of steel pile used to carry or support the structure by inserting the steel pipe into the foundation soil. Because of its simple structure and strong adaptability, it is widely used in all kinds of foundation projects.

Compared with other steel piles, steel pipe piles have their unique advantages in many aspects. For example, it has high compressive, flexural and tensile strength, can withstand large longitudinal and transverse loads, and has strong single pile bearing capacity.

Steel pipe piles are mostly made of welded steel pipes or seamless steel pipes, which can be cut, spliced or reinforced according to design requirements. It has a wide range of application scenarios, such as bridge engineering, ocean engineering and other fields that need to be carried.

2. Steel sheet piles
Steel sheet pile is a steel member with a lock edge, with a variety of forms, the common steel sheet pile U-shaped steel sheet pile and Z-shaped steel sheet pile. Among them, U-shaped steel sheet pile has high strength and convenient construction, which is suitable for narrow space, and Z-shaped steel sheet pile has stronger bearing capacity, which is suitable for wider retaining wall engineering.

Steel sheet pile can form a continuous retaining wall or waterproof structure through the interlocking of the lock, which is an important material for water conservancy and underground engineering. It is widely used in hydraulic engineering and underground engineering, used to prevent collapse or soil erosion in the construction of deep foundation pit, and can also be used in the construction of ports, docks and revetment structures.

The characteristics of steel sheet pile: good waterproof performance, steel sheet pile can effectively prevent water penetration after connection, especially suitable for underground or underwater projects, and steel sheet pile can be used repeatedly, reducing the cost of construction, convenient installation, and rapid construction.

3. Shaped steel pile
Steel pile is a type of steel pile that optimizes the structural performance through a specific cross-section shape (such as H-shape, I-shape). Because of its strong rigidity and high stability, it is widely used in hard strata and high-strength engineering.

Characteristics of steel piles: excellent bending performance, the section design of H-shaped steel piles and I-shaped steel piles makes them have greater bending strength, suitable for bearing horizontal loads and vertical pressures. Diversified specifications, according to the design requirements, can choose different section size and length of steel piles, high flexibility.

Steel piles are mostly used in bridge construction, used as support structures for high-rise buildings or piers and bridge support piles, and can also be used in railway and highway projects to strengthen foundations and stabilize slopes. Among them, H-shaped steel piles are suitable for projects with large span and high strength requirements, and H-shaped steel piles are suitable for construction scenarios with medium bearing requirements.

According to the specific engineering conditions and requirements, reasonable selection of steel pile type can improve the construction efficiency and engineering quality.